Chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, macrolides, clindamycin. Pharmacology chapter 9 tetracyclines, aminoglycosides. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Macrolides accumulate within cells, suggesting that they may associate with receptors. Mechanisms of action and clinical application of macrolides. Effects of macrolide antibiotics on neurally mediated contraction of. Macrolides antibiotics animated presentation mechanism of action. Macrolides mechanism of action moa the macrolides bind irreversibly to a site on the 50s subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thus inhibiting the translocation steps of protein synthesis. Nursing 3703 pharmacology antimicrobials by linda self microorganisms and infections microbes attach to host receptors attracted to a specific body tissue, invade and. These are antibiotics having a macrocyclic lactone ring with attached sugars. Macrolides antimicrobial resistance learning site for. Mechanisms of action and clinical application of macrolides as. Tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and lincosamides. Some macrolides have antibiotic or antifungal activity and are used as pharmaceutical drugs.
Macrolides reversibly bind to 50s subunit of the ribosomes and inhibit transpeptidation and translocation processes, resulting in premature detachment of incomplete polypeptide chains. Jan 16, 2018 macrolides pharmacology distribution extensive tissue and cellular distribution clarithromycin and azithromycin with extensive penetration minimal csf penetration elimination clarithromycin is the only macrolide partially eliminated by the kidney 18% of parent and all metabolites. Tetracyclines, macrolides, clindamycin, chloramphenicol. Macrolides are antibiotics that end in the suffix thromycin. Macrolide antibiotics are types of drugs used to treat a wide variety of infections. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Fzx, a 41 year old white female, is seen in the outpatient department for complaints of low grade fever, cough, and mild respiratory distress. Macrolides antibiotics animated presentation mechanism of. Ppt 20042005 principles of medical science pharmacology. Mechanism of action macrolide is a protein synthesis inhibitor. In summary, although macrolides may have an effect on airway chloride ion transport, this seems to be an acute and doserelated effect and is probably not of clinical relevance. The macrolides, known to be orally active, have also proven to be safe and well tolerated when used for nontb indications. Ppt macrolide antibiotics powerpoint presentation free to. Pharmacology chapter 9 tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and lincosamides.
Amas class iii free download as powerpoint presentation. Hence when resistance develops due to ribosomal methylation that reduces binding, all three antibiotics are similarly affected. Bono, mda,b erythromycin, the first macrolide antibiotic discovered, has been used since the early 1950s for the treatment of upper respiratory tract and skin and soft tissue infections. The pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, antimicrobial activity, clinical safety, and current regulatory status of solithromycin. Tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and lincosamides learn with flashcards, games, and more for free.
Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Generally it is bacteriostatic in action but acts as bacteriocidal at higher dose. The antibioticbinding sites are shown schematically as triangles. However, pneumococci with reduced penicillin sensitivity are often resistant to macrolides, and in some communities, up to 20% of s. Macrolides pharmacology distribution extensive tissue and cellular distribution clarithromycin and azithromycin with extensive penetration minimal csf penetration elimination clarithromycin is the only macrolide partially eliminated by the kidney 18% of parent and all metabolites. Pharmacology 120 julie cordts instructor pharmacology powerpoint lectures all lessons will open in a new browser window allowing easy access to this menu. Erythromycin is the first member obtained from strain of streptomyces erythrus. Macrolides are a class of antibiotics derived from saccharopolyspora erythraea originally called streptomyces erythreus, a type of soilborne bacteria. With the exception of tetracyclines, the binding sites for these antibiotics are on the 50s ribosomal subunit. Because the macrolides are antimicrobial drugs and many of the innate. Mechanisms of resistance active efflux accounts for 80% mef gene encodes for an efflux pump which pumps the macrolide out of the cell away from the ribosome. Magee, in comprehensive medicinal chemistry ii, 2007.
View and download powerpoint presentations on macrolides ppt. Macrolides are actively concentrated within leukocytes, and thus are transported into the site of infection. Introduction the macrolides are a group of closely related compounds characterized by a macrocyclic lactone ring usually containing 14 or 16 atoms to which deoxysugars are attached. The pharmacology and the medicinal chemistry of macrolides have been briefly described elsewhere the links of which are just. Picmonic is research proven to increase your memory retention and test scores. If your institution subscribes to this resource, and you dont have a myaccess profile, please contact your librarys reference desk for information on how to.
Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. The report on antibacterial drugs market by drug class quinolones, tetracycline, sulfonamide, b lactams, macrolides, aminoglycoside, phenicols, routes of administration parenteral, enteral, distribution channel drug stores and retail pharmacies, hospital pharmacies, online sales trends analysis and forecasts up to 2023 studies the market sizes, key trends and opportunities in the. Macrolides pharmacology all the facts in one place. Macrolide antibiotics such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin have been used widely to combat primarily. Fda briefing package, antiinfective advisory committee, april 2001.
Macrolides could therefore add a novel mechanism of action to tb combination therapy, and thereby also hold out the promise of being equally effective against mdrtb and drugsensitive tb. Ppt macrolide antibiotics powerpoint presentation free. Lesson on the macrolide antibiotics including erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin. Macrolides inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria by reversibly binding to the p site of the 50s unit of the ribosome.
Macrolides are a class of antibiotics derived from saccharopolyspora. Macrolides have been around since the 1950s, but their clinical use has never been more relevant. Azithromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, tigecycline jerrym. You can use these pharmacology ppt in your projects and presentations.
Disinfection, sterilization, antibiotics sterilization or sterilisation refers to any process that eliminates, removes, kills, or deactivates all forms of life and other biological agents such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, spore forms, prions, unicellular eukaryotic organisms such as plasmodium, etc. Learn pharmacology macrolides tetracyclines with free interactive flashcards. Ppt nursing 3703 pharmacology powerpoint presentation. Macrolide antibiotics do so by binding reversibly to the p site on the 50s subunit of the bacterial ribosome. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about macrolides ppt. Choose from 500 different sets of pharmacology macrolides tetracyclines flashcards on quizlet. Elimination clarithromycin is the only macrolide partially eliminated by the kidney 18% of parent and all metabolites hepatically eliminated. Macrolides antibiotics pharmacology med vids made simple duration. Macrolides have been considered the drug of choice for group a streptococcal and pneumococcal infections when penicillin cannot be used. The adobe flash plugin is needed to view this content. All none of the macrolides are removed during hemodialysis variable elimination halflives 1. Macrolide antibiotics an overview sciencedirect topics.
Macrolide antibiotics are the safest option, and might be indicated for the rare child with a neutrophilic phenotype, or if an atypical infection is suspected. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Apr 03, 2017 macrolides are a class of antibiotics derived from saccharopolyspora erythraea originally called streptomyces erythreus, a type of soilborne bacteria. Macrolides bacterial targets, mechanism of action, adverse effects. As the name suggests, macrolides are macrocyclic lactone rings typically made up of 12 or more atoms. Macrolides mainly affect grampositive cocci and intracellular pathogens such as mycoplasma, chlamydia, and legionella. The uncharged trna left at the donor site is released step 3, and the new 6amino acid chain with its trna shifts to the peptidyl site translocation, step 4. Learn everything you need to know with our complete macrolides pharmacology guide indications, side effects, mechanism, drug interactions and all the clinical and therapeutic factors you need to know. Therapeutic agents of erythromycin erythromycin ethylsuccinate prodrug with more lipophilicity longer duration of action erythromycin estolate a lipid soluble,acid stable prodrug with better oral absorption erythromycin gluceptate a watersoluble salt of glucoheptanoic acid for parentral dosage forms erythromycin. Start studying pharmacology chapter 30 macrolides, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones. Macrolides are one of the most commonly used families of antibiotics, used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. Members of macrolides are erythromycin, oleandomycin, spiramycin, roxithromycin, josamycin, midecamycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin and dirithromycin.
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